Heating The House Without Gas And Electricity

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Heating The House Without Gas And Electricity
Heating The House Without Gas And Electricity

Video: Heating The House Without Gas And Electricity

Video: Heating The House Without Gas And Electricity
Video: Отопление без газа и электричества в Харькове Heating without gas and electricity in Kharkov 2024, March
Anonim
  • What alternatives are there at all
  • Application of energy saving technologies
  • Solar energy
  • Low potential heat collection
  • Biofuels
  • Solid fuel boilers
Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

What alternatives are there at all

In deciding on the choice of a suitable heating system, the key is the concept of energy balance. The calculation arithmetic is simple: the building loses thermal energy, and accordingly a heating source is needed to compensate for these losses. For some reason, in our society it is considered quite acceptable to provide an excess injections of energy to your home, ignoring the rise in energy prices. This is quite understandable: for the sake of comfort, we neglect savings, because the source of energy for heating is literally at hand, and in the future, for the next five to ten years, it is quite possible to put up with utility bills.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

The situation changes to a radically opposite one when there is no gas pipeline or a sufficiently powerful municipal power grid in the construction area. Here, the problem of providing a house with heat energy is divided into two components: the maximum possible approximation of the energy balance of the building to zero and the search for an energy source that can replenish the remaining heat losses.

In modern realities, there are not too many alternatives to gas and electric heating:

  1. Use of solid fuel resources available in the region, such as firewood, coal, peat or woodworking industry waste;
  2. Renewable energy sources such as sunlight, heat from the earth's crust, or hydropower;
  3. Independent production of fossil fuels.
Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

The main catch lies in the fact that the use of such solutions in private is always associated with significant investments of funds, while these investments will be one-time. Nevertheless, it is worth remembering that the cost of thermal energy will ultimately be several times lower than when using gas and electricity, so innovative heating methods will serve well in the future and will be extremely beneficial in the face of constantly rising heating prices.

Application of energy saving technologies

However, one should start not with the choice of the method of heating the home, but with work on reducing heat loss. Even in the most rough approximation, measures that can reduce the outflow of heat from a building are cheaper than increasing the capacity of alternative heating installations. Therefore, it is much more profitable to resort to a number of engineering solutions, some of which are introduced even at the stage of laying the foundation.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

An example of a "Swedish plate" insulated foundation, capable of almost completely stopping the release of heat from the inside of the house into the ground

Here's what a developer can do to reduce heat energy costs:

  1. Correct orientation of the building on the ground in order to maximize the receipt of solar energy during the day;
  2. Use of high-quality materials for house insulation, creation of a continuous thermal protection belt for walls, roofs and foundations;
  3. Optimization of ventilation, return of heat from exhaust air back to the building - recuperation;
  4. The use of high-quality glazing, arrangement of a warm attic.
Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

The synergistic effect of these methods is quite powerful, so the owner of the house must do everything in his power to use the least powerful source of heating in the future. Otherwise, the organization of alternative heat supply may simply not be affordable.

Solar energy

The most popular method for autonomous energy generation is sunlight. Here you can count on both the photoelectric effect and the direct heating of the inner atmosphere by collecting thermal radiation. The benefit is unique in each case.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

The collection of thermal solar radiation by collectors is extremely beneficial due to the minimum number of intermediaries in the energy conversion chain. The only problem is that it is quite difficult to stock up on thermal energy for those periods when its source is unavailable, that is, at night and cloudy days. The higher the geographic latitude of the object, the lower the minimum daylight hours. Practice shows that the use of heat collectors is beneficial in the zone up to 55-60º and only with a significant accumulating capacity of the building or its heating system.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

The possibilities of electric solar panels in this matter are somewhat higher. With a sufficiently large area of a solar farm, even in a short daylight hours, enough electricity can be accumulated that can be effectively stored in a battery park. However, during the conversion of solar radiation into electricity and back into heat, up to 20–25% is lost, besides, the resource of batteries and photocells is limited, they degrade rather quickly.

Low potential heat collection

Knowledgeable people are extremely negative about statements that a certain heating installation can have an efficiency of 200 or 300 percent. However, unlike electrode boilers, devices for the collection of low-grade thermal energy can indeed have a high energy conversion coefficient, although they require its initial investment for this.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

At the moment, there are two most profitable types of equipment that can cool the outdoor environment even more, and send the resulting kilocalories to heating the home. The most efficient are geothermal heat pumps, followed by air heat pumps. But their simplicity and cost are inversely proportional to their energy efficiency.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

Devices for the collection of geothermal energy require either an external heat exchanger with a long length of pipes, or a natural source of heat seeping to the surface from the lithosphere: a geyser, a tectonic fault, or a fairly extensive and deep reservoir. Air heat pumps are much simpler in design, but they are limited by the permissible minimum outdoor temperature, which even for advanced technology ranges from -25 to -30 ºС. When heated by heat pumps, energy is obtained practically free of charge: each input kilowatt of electrical energy at the output is converted into 2.5-4 kW of heat, which makes it quite reasonable to set up your own small power plant.

Biofuels

Building your own gas bioreactor is no longer seen as something out of the category of fantasy. Today, there are many examples of the successful use of such installations, which in excess provide the house and economy with heat.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

Gas generating plants are extremely attractive, but complex in design and require constant technical supervision. Building the reactor itself is only half the problem. To maintain a constant production of methane, the bunker needs to be filled in time and constantly monitor the operating mode.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

However, almost any organic raw material, from cereal cake to manure, can serve as a fuel source. Often, for these purposes, they set up their own livestock complex on the site, which over time turns into a good source of income. As for the maintenance of the gas generator set, you will need not to shy away from dirty work or hire maintenance personnel for this business.

Solid fuel boilers

All the methods described above to provide housing with heat can scare an unprepared person with the complexity of their organization and high initial financial investments. If you are not ready to look so far into the future, it is quite possible to use fuel that is considered traditional for almost the entire history of human existence.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

Burning wood, peat or coal is quite capable of replacing gas or electricity in full, even without reducing the energy balance. And for this there is no need to smoke the sky beyond measure: modern solid fuel boilers have efficiency reaching 80–85%. To heat an insulated house, 2.5–3 tons of firewood per season will be enough, while the main difficulties associated with equipment maintenance have long been eliminated. The issue of adjusting the power was solved by the automatic control of the boost, and the need to constantly replenish the fuel supply - with mine boilers of long burning.

Heating the house without gas and electricity
Heating the house without gas and electricity

Finally, do not forget about the most technologically advanced types of solid fuels. Briquettes and pellets are quite cheap and widespread. At the same time, they have the highest heat capacity among other types of wood fuel, while ash content, on the contrary, is minimal. Finally, the extremely low moisture content does not cause problems of condensation and tar formation, and for pellets it is even possible to automatically feed them from the hopper.

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