Table of contents:
- Filter jug
- Filters connected to the tap
- Desktop filters
- Flow-through filter systems
- Reverse osmosis system
- Coolers or purifiers
Video: Overview Of Water Purification Systems Based On Filters With Replaceable Cartridges For Home And Office
2024 Author: Douglas Hoggarth | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:29
- Filter jug
- Filters connected to the tap
- Desktop filters
- Flow-through filter systems
- Reverse osmosis system
- Coolers or purifiers
A large assortment of types and types of water filters allows you to select the most optimal water purification system based on them, based on cost, filtration quality, dimensions, working life and maintenance cost. The most common are the following types of filtering devices:
- Filter jug.
- Filters connected to the tap.
- Desktop filters.
- Simple flow-through filtering systems.
- Reverse osmosis system.
- Coolers or purifiers.
Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each type of water treatment system.
Filter jug
A common method for installing water filter elements inside a jug is quite convenient and reliable. Its indisputable advantage is the absence of the need to connect the device to a water pipe.
Water purification occurs when water flows from the top of the jug to the bottom under the action of gravity. Filtration of 1.5 liters of water takes 3 to 10 minutes. Although the size of the filter element is small, the outlet water quality is quite high due to the long cleaning time.
The cleaning cartridges installed in the system belong to the category of multi-component ones, their choice is made taking into account the properties of the water being purified.
To adapt to specific operating conditions, the filter jug can be fitted with different types of filter cartridges. So, the company "Barrier" for jugs of its own production offers the following types of filter elements:
- "Standard" is a universal filter cartridge for tap water.
- "Hardness" - for softening and purifying hard water.
- "Neva" is a cartridge for soft water, which purifies and enriches it with salts necessary for the body.
- "Iron" - the element is characterized by an increased intensity of water purification from iron.
- "Ultra" - water purification + increased antibacterial protection.
- "Fluoride +" - in addition to water purification, the cartridge enriches it with fluorine, which allows achieving a preventive effect in the fight against caries.
The advantage of this device is its relatively low cost, the disadvantage is weak filtration of suspended matter up to 50–80 microns.
Filters connected to the tap
Installations that are attached directly to the gander of the water tap have a higher cleaning speed. Such systems can constantly stand on the crane and turn on / off using an additional switch or put on the crane if necessary, and then remove from it.
The disadvantage of the multicomponent filter used in such systems is its low performance and short service life. The adaptation of the device to water is carried out similarly to a jug filter, by replacing a multi-component filter element.
Desktop filters
A more powerful analogue of filtering devices worn on a crane is its desktop version. Due to its heavy weight, it is difficult to put it directly on the tap, so it is attached to the tap using a special adapter, from which tap water is supplied to the filter through an additional pipe.
The resource and power of this filter is sufficient to provide a small family with purified water, thanks to the increased dimensions of the filter element, the time required to purify water without losing its quality is reduced.
Flow-through filter systems
An almost ideal ratio of power and purification quality is possessed by flow-through filtration systems consisting of two or more flasks, each of which contains a cartridge for purifying water.
The advantage of this type of filter element is the ability to hide it under the sink and thereby save significant space on the desktop. To use filtered water, an additional tap is installed on the sink, and an adapter with shut-off valves is installed on the water supply system.
The disadvantage of this type of filters is a significant drop in water pressure in the filtration system, therefore, flow filters are not suitable for water lines with low pressure in the system.
The most optimal is a triple filtration system, in which flasks are installed:
- Filter cartridge for mechanical water purification, removing various impurities in the size of 5 microns.
- Pressed activated carbon filter cartridge that removes chlorine and organic impurities.
- A multicomponent filter cartridge that performs additional purification of water from heavy metals and microorganisms, as well as provides additional purification of water from chlorine and iron.
The standard resource of such a treatment system is close to 5 thousand liters, which is quite enough to provide a large family with purified water for 2-3 months.
Reverse osmosis system
A comprehensive solution for the ideal water purification - a reverse osmosis system. It is suitable for processing industrial water into drinking water. The installation is located under the sink, to which a tap connected to a reservoir with purified water is brought out; additionally, the flushing water is drained into the sewer. The main filtering element of the system is a membrane impermeable to all molecules except water.
In order to extend the service life of an expensive membrane, the water supplied to it is preliminarily purified on a module similar to a direct-flow filter. This treatment removes from the water most of the substances that pollute the membrane and active chlorine, which causes its rapid destruction.
Even after such preparation, a large amount of impurities is retained on the membrane, so the reverse osmosis system automatically cleans the membrane with water. Pure water makes up about 30% of the volume of water consumed by the reverse osmosis unit. Ready-to-use water is collected in a special tank. To improve its taste, the water purified with the help of a membrane undergoes additional filtration on a fine carbon filter and is mineralized, which gives it a pleasant taste.
Less often, an activator cartridge is additionally installed, which has a positive effect on the internal structure of water molecules. Since the pressure of the supplied water drops significantly on all filter elements, a number of reverse osmosis systems include an additional pump.
Coolers or purifiers
The drinking water supply system using a cooler is built on the basis of reverse osmosis, it contains similar internal elements, and therefore requires connection not only to the water supply system, but also to the sewage system. The only difference between a cooler or a purifier from a classic reverse osmosis system is that the entire water purification system is assembled in one case.
The cooler case can be installed both on the table and on the floor. A number of models provide for the possibility of not only purifying water, but also heating it, for which it must be connected to the power supply system.
Cleaning system type | Mechanical cleaning depth | Purification from impurities | Productivity, l / min | Minimum filter element resource, l | price, rub. |
Filter jug | 60-80 microns | average | - | 300 | 400-500 |
Tap filter | 40-60 μm | average | 0.3-1 | 500-1000 | 200-700 |
Table filter | 30-40 microns | average | 1-2 | 1000 | 700-1200 |
Flow filter | 5-10 microns | average | 3-5 | 3000-5000 | 2000-3000 |
Reverse osmosis | 1 micron | high | Storage tank | 2000 | 9000-15000 |
Cooler | 1 micron | high | Storage tank | 2000 | 9000-22000 |
When choosing a water treatment system, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the supplied water. Preference should be given to options in which multi-component filter cartridges are installed that can effectively remove chlorine, iron, heavy metals, pesticides from water, and conduct water disinfection. The required performance of the water filtration plant directly depends on the needs for treated water, which on average is 2–4 liters per day per person.
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