Table of contents:
- Material selection
- How to calculate the amount of material required tools
- First stage: preparatory work
- Second step: installation of insulating roof layers
- Stage three: laying slate on the crate
- Stage four: fixing the slate on the roof
- Fifth stage: protective painting of the coating
- Slate repair
Video: DIY Slate Roofing
2023 Author: Douglas Hoggarth | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-24 11:23
- Material selection
- How to calculate the amount of material required tools
- First stage: preparatory work
- Second step: installation of insulating roof layers
- Stage three: laying slate on the crate
- Stage four: fixing the slate on the roof
- Fifth stage: protective painting of the coating
- Slate repair
Material selection
Today, the modern building materials market has several types of roofing slate. Let's consider their distinctive features, advantages and disadvantages:
Slate prices depend on the material, the number of waves in the sheet, dimensions, thickness and color of the product.
Despite all the varieties listed in the table, asbestos-cement slate remains one of the most popular, convenient and budget solutions. Its main advantages:
- Durability: the roof withstands snow and wind loads up to 200 kg / m 2 well.
- Fire safety: the composition of asbestos-cement products is not flammable.
- Good sound insulation: the noise of hail or rain under the roof is minimal.
- Electrical safety: in a thunderstorm, asbestos cement is not susceptible to the accumulation of static electricity.
- Durability: the slate material does not corrode from precipitation.
That is why in this article we will consider the technology of roofing using the example of working with sheets of asbestos cement.
How to calculate the amount of material required tools
Having decided on the selection of slate, you need to calculate its required amount. For this, a drawing of the roof is used, indicating its dimensions and slopes. To facilitate the calculation of the consumption of materials, you will be helped by online calculators, of which there are many on the network.
To start work on the installation of a slate roof, you will need the materials shown in the table below:
Also for work we need the following tools and protective equipment:
- drill
- rope 10–20 m
- Bulgarian
- respirator
- hammer
First stage: preparatory work
Installation of a slate roof begins with the laying of beams. They are installed on the upper concrete belt of the house box, wall or Mauerlat at a distance of 70–80 cm from each other. The rafter part of the roof is vertically attached to the beams, which will be the support for the lathing. The height and angle between the rafters must be the same for each beam.
Thus, a wooden roof structure will include:
- mauerlat
- rafters
- struts
- crate
Important: for roofs with slate covering, the slope of the structure should be between 22 and 45 degrees. In the case of a large amount of natural precipitation in the region, the slope of the roof increases in order to avoid their accumulation at the joints of the sheets. With frequent wind loads, the roof is made flatter.
The lathing gives the roof additional strength and rigidity, connects the rafters and serves as the basis for fastening the slate. The lathing is made of 50x50 mm timber with such a pitch that the slate sheet overlaps two strips in a row by 15 cm on each side.
For the ridge part of the roof, a 60x120 mm beam with a 60x150 mm board is used, which is tightly pressed against it. On the cornices and valleys, a solid crate is needed, it is made from a board of 60x250 mm.
Second step: installation of insulating roof layers
In addition to roofing, the roof system includes:
- waterproofing layer
- vapor barrier
- thermal insulation material
From below, the roof is hemmed with a vapor barrier, which is attached to the structure using a construction stapler. Then, thermal insulation is placed between the rafters, and this "pie" is completed by the top layer of roofing material, which is laid on the insulation and attached to the rafters by hammering nails through the slats.
Before starting to lay the slate, the wood of the truss system must be treated with an antiseptic to protect it from rot and shashel
Stage three: laying slate on the crate
When self-erecting a roof, it becomes necessary to raise the asbestos-cement slate up. This is done with two metal hooks and a strong rope tied to them. Hooks are needed to grip the sheets from below, then the slate is pulled onto the roof along the boardwalk.
The roofing material begins to be laid from the windward side from the bottom up. A stretched cord can be used to avoid curvature of the rows. When spreading sheets, the longitudinal joints of the next row of slate are shifted by one wave in relation to the longitudinal joints of the previous row. The installation scheme is as follows:
- The first sheet is laid from the gable overhang.
- The next two sheets of the bottom row are laid with an overlap on the first.
- Then the first two sheets are laid in the second row and one sheet in the first row.
The layout of the slate on the roof is shown in the photo:
The size of the overlap is equal to the wavelength in the horizontal direction, and in the vertical direction it is 12–15 cm.
Stage four: fixing the slate on the roof
Before fastening the sheets in them, it is necessary to drill holes for nails or screws, which should be 2–3 mm larger than the diameter of the fastener. This is done in the sixth and second waves of the 8-wave slate or in the fifth and second waves of the 7-wave sheet, counting from the overlap. A distance of 10 cm should be maintained between the nails. They are nailed along the crests of the waves. Rubber gaskets should be used to seal the mountings.
Tip: the fasteners are not clogged up to the stop - fixing the sheet so that it does not move is quite enough. Also, do not bend the nails: this will interfere with the thermal expansion of the slate - it can crack.
Laying sheet by sheet, you need to get close to the ridge part of the roof. The ridge itself is insulated with iron, closing the ends of the slate to prevent moisture from getting under it. Wind boards are stuffed onto the gables, and the installation of drains for rainfall or melt water completes the installation of the roof.
Fifth stage: protective painting of the coating
The new roof should be painted with acrylic enamel. This will protect the slate from destruction, increase its frost resistance, water resistance and reduce the release of harmful asbestos into the environment. In addition, in this way, the service life of the roof can be doubled.
Slate repair
If it becomes necessary to repair a roof made of asbestos-cement sheets, it is very easy to do.
It is necessary to prepare a mixture of M300 cement diluted with water 1: 1 PVA glue and fluffed asbestos. The solution is prepared in small portions for 2-3 hours of operation. First, 2 parts of cement are mixed with 3 parts of asbestos. Then this mixture is diluted with PVA glue to a thickness that is convenient for work with a brush or spatula.
Places of damage to the roof must be cleaned of dirt, and then thoroughly rinsed with clean water. After the surface has dried, the cracks should be treated with the prepared mixture twice. The applied layer thickness must be at least 2 mm.
Such repairs will be more effective if performed on a cloudy day. This is due to the polymerization rate of the repair solution - it should not be high. After such a repair, the roof will be able to serve for another 5-10 years.
