Country Toilet Do It Yourself

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Country Toilet Do It Yourself
Country Toilet Do It Yourself

Video: Country Toilet Do It Yourself

Video: Country Toilet Do It Yourself
Video: Дачный туалет своими руками / country toilet - do it yourself 2024, March
Anonim
  • Toilet in the country - you can't do without it
  • Toilet in the house - cesspool on the street
  • Powder closet for giving
  • Dry closet for a summer residence
  • Wooden country toilet - we build ourselves
  • Backlash closet or powder closet - the choice is yours!
Country toilet
Country toilet

Toilet in the country - you can't do without it

There is no doubt that the toilet is the very object of strategic importance, which must be equipped at the summer cottage among the first buildings. The ideal option would be the usual "urban" type of bathroom, arranged inside the house. But his device requires a nearby sewage system, and in summer cottages it simply does not exist. And yet, there are several options for solving the problem of a country toilet.

Toilet in the house - cesspool on the street

This design of a country toilet is called a backlash closet, it combines the design principles of a classic wooden toilet toilet and an ordinary home bathroom. The toilet room is located either in the building itself or in an annex to it. Externally, the room of such a bathroom looks like an ordinary toilet in the house - a toilet with a cistern. Only the toilet is connected not to the sewer system, but to a cesspool of a certain design. In addition, forced ventilation in the backlash channel is required, the thrust in which is provided either by a temperature difference or by an exhaust fan.

A backlash closet as an extension to the main building is suitable only in the north and middle lane, the extension should be performed only on the north side of the cottage and only to the outer wall. The toilet room must be equipped with a window; it is best to arrange an intermediate corridor between the dacha rooms and the toilet, installing, for example, a sink in it. In more southern regions, the penetration of unpleasant odors cannot be eliminated. However, a country toilet of this design can be arranged outside the building - in the country territory.

The most difficult element of the backlash closet is the cesspool, which acts as a simple septic tank. Its total volume is calculated based on the total number of summer residents - approximately 1 m3 for each (subject to cleaning the cesspool once a quarter). No matter how unpleasant it is, but you will need to monitor the volume of sewage in the cesspool - the maximum level should not be higher than half a meter from the lower hatch with which the pit is equipped.

Powder closet
Powder closet

Backlash closet: 1 - sand preparation; 2 - concrete; 3 - cement plaster; 4 - clay castle; 5 - brickwork; 6 - bulk soil; 7 - roll waterproofing; 8 - double lid with insulation; 9 - reinforced concrete floor; 10 - receiving funnel; 11 - toilet room; 12 - backlash channel; 13 - deflector.

The general construction of the cesspool is as follows: it is 600-800 mm under the premises of the country toilet attached to the building; its depth at the smallest point (under the toilet room) will be 1000 mm, then there is a slope in the direction from the building to the lowest point, the depth of which is 2000 mm. The width of the cesspool from the minimum to the maximum depth is from 2500 to 3000 mm. At the end of the cesspool, a cesspool is laid out (its dimensions: height is about 600-800 mm, width - 700 mm, length - 800 mm), it is completely underground, on the surface there is only a cast-iron cover with handles. The second hatch cover is made of wood and is installed below the cast-iron hatch (at the overlap mark). Between the covers, you need to lay insulation - felt, mineral wool, etc.

The walls of the cesspool are first covered with a blind area of oily clay, then covered with bricks or concrete blocks fastened with a mortar of cement and sand (sand: cement ratio, as 1: 3), followed by plastering and ironing (applying a grout of pure cement with a layer of 2-3 mm). The bottom of the cesspool is cast from reinforced concrete, about 100 mm thick, one or two layers of bitumen are applied on top.

The drain pipe from the toilet is carried out vertically to the cesspool. Its diameter should be 100-150 mm, it can be steel, cast iron, concrete, ceramic or asbestos-cement. The inlet of the sewer pipe must be lowered into the cesspool 600-700 mm from the upper ceiling of the cesspool. An inlet of the chimney is placed next to it; the distance from its hole to the hole of the drain pipe should be at least 300 mm vertically. The principle of operation of the backlash exhaust system is as follows: air from the bathroom will enter the cesspool, from there - through the exhaust pipe due to the draft created by an electric fan or heating (for this, you can use the kitchen chimney that runs close to the exhaust hood, or install it in extractor hood with a conventional 25 W electric lamp). Check the tightness of the connection of the hood elements - the quality of its operation will depend on this.

Powder closet for giving

The design of toilets of this type does not require the creation of a cesspool - a tank for sewage is located directly under the toilet seat. The costs of creating such a toilet are much less than the construction of a backlash closet, but the main disadvantage is the need for frequent emptying of the storage tank. Although this problem can be solved by installing a container of significant volume and turning it into a compost bin, cleaning once a year. For example, a family of four will need a capacity of 700 liters - it will be sufficient for use during one summer season.

Dry closet
Dry closet

Peat, dried and crushed, is used as an active substance for sewage in a powder closet. The principle of using a powder closet: each use should be accompanied by a uniform application of a mixture of peat, scattered manually or through a mechanical dispenser. The liquid from the sewage tank evaporates and leaves through the ventilation, and the resulting compost can be used as fertilizer - you just need to mix it with the ground beforehand.

Peat, intended for powder closets, has the following absorption capacity - 1 kg of peat per 10 liters of sewage.

Dry closet for a summer residence

A dry closet of any design belongs to powder closets. Its main difference and advantage is a closed working cycle - sewage is processed directly inside the dry closet system. Due to this, its storage tank needs to be emptied quite rarely - no more than 2 times a month (depending on the number of family members and the design of the dry closet). A stool installed in a dry closet looks like an ordinary toilet, only covered with a plastic case.

Dry closets of any design work according to the same scheme: the processing process requires a special liquid that dissolves sewage; the mass processed in this way is accumulated in the lower container.

When choosing a dry closet for a summer residence, you need to know that their main difference is in the volume of the lower container - it can be from a minimum of 10 liters to a maximum of 21 liters. Accordingly, the cost of a dry closet (starting from 5,000 rubles), equipped with a larger volume, will be higher than a design with a low-volume tank.

Country toilet wooden
Country toilet wooden

The dry closet can be installed inside the cottage building, taking care of ventilation - it is enough to make a small window in the dry closet room. In addition to purchasing the dry closet itself, the summer resident will have to acquire a special liquid - a chemical reagent that dissolves sewage. Its cost will be about 450 rubles. for 2 liters - they will be enough on average for one quarter, if a family of 3 people will use such a toilet. An important disadvantage of dry closets is the need to discharge the contents of the storage tank exclusively into the stationary sewer. Ignoring this condition will lead to environmental contamination of soils at the disposal sites. And one more thing - it is categorically impossible to use reagents intended for dry closets for biological wastewater treatment systems!

Wooden country toilet - we build ourselves

We are deciding whether there will be a cesspool or it will be a country toilet related to powder closets. The decision to dig or not to dig a hole will be influenced by, among other things, the following local factors - the height of the groundwater, the distance to the nearest well and to the cottage building. If the groundwater lies only three meters from the surface of the earth, then the creation of a cesspool is impossible - sewage will poison the wells located nearby and therefore the local SES will not give a construction permit. The acceptable distance from the cesspool to the nearest well is 30 m, to the building - 15 m.

The sanitary and epidemiological station will prohibit using as a cesspool just an open pit and covered with an unedged board in any case.

To build a dressing house, you will need the following materials: chipboard or plywood sheets, timber (100x100 and 50x50 mm), nails L = 80 mm, wood screws L = 40 mm, slate or galvanized sheet, foam sheets (for insulation). Tools: hammer, screwdriver and screwdriver, plane and saw, chisel and tape measure.

House for a country toilet
House for a country toilet

It is better to assemble and sheathe a house for a wooden country toilet not on the place where the toilet is located, but to the side - it will be more convenient. We make a frame from a bar of 100x100 mm three-meter length. The beam for the frame and the frame must be fastened with a "half-tree" connection - for this, half the thickness of the beam is removed at the joints so that the two beams are connected perfectly, without protrusions and distortions. As a rule, a country toilet is made in the following dimensions: height - 2100 mm, width - 1000 mm, length - 1500 mm. Attention: do not reduce the length of the 3-meter beam - it will be needed to strengthen the finished toilet house in its place, as support piles.

After forming the frame of the toilet house, sand the joints. Check the diagonals using nylon thread.

Measure a distance of 500 mm from the floor, fix a 500x500 mm bar at this height to support the seat - on three sides of the dressing house and between two walls, stepping back 1000 mm from the back wall.

To make a toilet seat, take thick plywood or chipboard and cut a hole in it to the required size. Attach a sheet of plywood (chipboard) with a cutout hole in the toilet seat to the frame installed for this purpose.

The cladding of the walls and floor of the dressing house is carried out with sheets of chipboard, thick plywood or edged board, fixed with wood screws. Use foam sheets to insulate the walls. The space from the floor to the toilet seat is sewn up, as are the walls. If the toilet house is to be used for a powder closet, you will need a door of the appropriate size on one side - through it, a container for sewage will be removed.

Backlash closet
Backlash closet

The roof of the country toilet is formed by a transverse beam with the creation of a slope towards the back wall of the toilet, covered with slate or galvanized.

For the door, we assemble a frame with two intermediate jumpers, we make the door trim from plywood or chipboard sheets.

We put the finished house in place, having previously pierced the recesses for the piles at the calculated points, using a slightly smaller hollow metal pipe. Before exposing the structure of the house, cover the piles, parts of the frame and cladding facing the ground with a layer of bitumen. Lay waterproofing (pvc-film or roofing felt) between the ground and the lower part of the toilet.

Backlash closet or powder closet - the choice is yours

A country toilet of the first design will require a large amount of work and time, each call to a sewage disposal machine will cost about 8,000 rubles. On the other hand, it will be quite easy to obtain permission from the SES for it (provided that the groundwater is deep enough).

With a powder closet, there is more trouble during operation - it will take once a month to empty the storage capacity, and this is an unpleasant task. But its device will take a little time, the cost of a ready-made toilet seat with a capacity is from 5,000 rubles, and if you buy a ready-made toilet house at the same time (cost - from 17,000 rubles), then the country toilet will be ready in a matter of hours.

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