Apartment Wiring

When performing electrical wiring, it is necessary to decide to use copper or aluminum wire, to divide the electrical receivers into groups. It is more correct if you entrust the solution of these important issues to a professional. Since incorrect calculation and installation can lead to shutdowns, fires.

For example, electrical wiring is performed with copper or aluminum wire. What's better? Copper is more expensive, but it has better conductivity, that is, more current can be passed through a wire of the same cross-section. Copper oxidizes worse, so problem areas at the junction of the conductors heat up less. Copper conductors are more resistant to fracture. For electrical wiring, wire of the PPV, PUNP, LUGNP, PVS brand and the cable of the PVG, VVN, VVG brand are used. In the marking of the wire, numbers are indicated, which indicate the number of cores and the cross-section of each core or wire in square millimeters.

For example, VVG 3x1.5 three-core cable, cross-section of one conductor 1.5 mm2.

The wiring is done with two conductors. Phase wire and neutral wire. In new houses, a three-wire system is installed and a third zero protective conductor appears. The three-wire system allows for greater security. This is achieved by installing an RCD. The RCD cuts off the power supply in the event of a leak. The protective conductor is connected to the body of the appliance using an additional protective contact in the socket. A protective contact will reduce the likelihood of electric shock to a person when shorting to the case.

To protect electrical networks from overloads and short circuits, circuit breakers are used. The machines are installed in the electrical distribution board. Circuit breakers are single-pole - installed in the phase conductor circuit, two-pole - for phase and zero. Three-pole - lead-in circuit breakers. According to the rated load current, the circuit breakers are selected from the range of 6.3-63 A. The circuit breaker is selected when calculating the power supply project. Its main function is to turn off the power supply in case of overload and short circuits. RCD - residual current device is becoming more common. Serves to disconnect the power circuit in the event of a short circuit to the housing of household appliances, insulation failure and a person or animal touching live parts.RCDs are selected for rated current and leakage current with milliamperes. An RCD with a leakage current of 60 mA is installed in apartment power grids. After calculating the rated load and choosing the circuit breaker, the conductor cross-section is selected. The wire cross-section should take into account the maximum total load, as if you turned on all the electrical receivers of this group at once.

Installation of lighting is carried out with a wire of 1.5 mm2. Power networks - outlet networks are mounted with a wire with a cross section of 2.5 to 6 mm2. Your participation in the design issues should end at the stage of the list of electrical consumers.