Designations Of Paints And Varnishes

The names (brands) of paints and varnishes are unified. At the beginning of the stamp, two letters are put, denoting a film-like base.

After the letters, one or two numbers are placed, which indicate the scope:

1 - weatherproof, 2 - resistant indoors, 3 - for the preservation of metal products, 4 - resistant to hot water, 5 - special (for leather, rubber, etc.), 6 - resistant to oil products, 7 - resistant to aggressive environments, 8 - heat-resistant, 9 - electrical insulating, 0 - varnish, primer, semi-finished product, 00 - putty.

The application number is followed by the paint serial number.

For example, KO-1112 is an enamel in which the film-forming base is a silicon-organic resin, weather-resistant, serial number 112; lacquer NTs-228 - nitrocellulose base, resistant indoors, serial number 28; varnish BT-577 - bitumen base, pitch, special, serial number 77.

Ready-to-use oil paints are not marked according to the rules adopted for all paints and varnishes. For example, the brand "Paint MA-15, blue" is deciphered as follows: oil paint, blue, for outdoor use (number 1) on a combined drying oil (number 5). If the first digit is 2, this means that the paint is used only for interior work. The second figure speaks of the drying oil on which the paint is prepared: 1 - natural drying oil, 2 - oxol, 3 - glyphthalic oil, 4 - pentaphthalic oil and 5 - combined drying oil.

To indicate thickly rubbed paints, a zero is added before the first digit, the rest of the numbers have the same meaning as for ready-to-use paints.

Designation: AD

Film-forming base: Polyamides

Designation: AK

Film-forming base: Polyacrylates

Designation: АС

Film-forming base: Polyacryl copolymers

Designation: AC

Film-forming base: cellulose acetate

Designation: BT

Film-forming base: Bitumen and pitches

Designation: VA

Film-forming base: Polyvinyl acetals

Designation: VL

Film-forming base: Polyvinylbuterals

Designation: VN

Film-forming base: Vinyls and vinyl acetates

Designation: ВС

Film-forming base: Copolymers of polyvinyl acetal

Designation: ГФ

Film-forming base: Glyphthal resins

Designation: IR

Film-forming base: idiencumarone resins

Designation: QC

Film-forming base: Rosin

Designation: KO

Film-forming base: Organosilicon resins

Designation: KP

Film-forming base: Copal

Designation: KS

Film-forming base: Carbinol copolymers

Designation: KCH

Film-forming base: Rubbers

Designation: MA

Film-forming base: Vegetable oils

Designation: ML

Film-forming base: Melominoalkides

Designation: MS

Film-forming base: Alkyd and oil-based

Designation: МЧ

Film-forming base: Urea-formaldehyde resins

Designation: NC

Film-forming base: Nitrocellulose

Designation: PF

Film-forming base: Pentophthalic resins

Designation: Pe

Film-forming base: Saturated polyesters

Designation: UR

Film-forming base: Polyurethanes

Designation: FA

Film-forming base: Phenolalkides

Designation: FL

Film-forming base: Cresol-formaldehyde

Designation: FM

Film-forming base: Fsnol-oil resins

Designation: FP

Film-forming base: Fluoroplastics

Designation: ХВ

Film-forming base: Poly- and perchlorovinyls

Designation: XC

Film-forming base: Vinyl chloride copolymers

Designation: SHL

Film-forming base: Shellac

Designation: EP

Film-forming base: Epoxy resins

Designation: ET

Film-forming base: Polyethylene and polyisobutylene

Designation: EF

Film-forming base: Epoxy ester resins

Designation: EC

Film-forming base: Ethyl cellulose

Designation: YAN

Film-forming base: Amber

Solvents and thinners

The main purpose of these materials is to dissolve and dilute paints and varnishes. Knowing the composition and purpose of solvents and thinners, you can successfully use them for other purposes, for example, for the manufacture of adhesives, degreasing materials, etc.

Simple solvents

Acetone - dissolves natural resins, oils, polystyrene, epoxy resins, vinyl chloride copolymers, polyacrylates, chlorinated rubber.

Gasoline ("Galosha", B-70) dissolves rubbers, hot - polyethylene.

Benzene dissolves oils, fats, waxes, rubbers, cellulose ethers, some organosilicon resins, and hot polyethylene.

Butyl acetate dissolves cellulose ethers, oils, fats, chlorinated rubber, vinyl copolymers, carbinol resins.

Dichloroethane dissolves dammar, coumaron, vinyl polymers, acrylates, polystyrene.

Xylene dissolves alkydstyrene and divinylacetylene (Etinol varnish) polymers.

Methyl acetate is an analogue of acetone.

Methyl alcohol (methanol) dissolves cellulose nitrates, polyvinyl acetate, novolac resins.

Turpentine dissolves copals, dammar, rosin. Thinner for oil, alcohol-based and epoxy paints (varnishes).

The solvent dissolves oils, bitumens, rubbers, urea-formaldehyde oligomers, tetrophthalic acid polyesters, polyesteramides and polyetherimides.

Toluene dissolves shellac, copal, cellulose esters, polystyrene, organosilicon resins. In a mixture with other solvents (it is the main component) it dissolves epoxy, vinyl and acrylate polymers, chlorinated rubber, lean alkyds. Dissolves polyethylene when hot.

White spirit (heavy gasoline fraction) dissolves fatty alkyds, butyl and cyclic rubber, polybutyl methacrylate, epoxy esters.

Cyclohexane dissolves ethylcellulose, oils, fats, waxes, rubbers.

Cyclohexanone dissolves cellulose esters, fats, oils, most natural and synthetic polymers, polyurethane.

Ethyl acetate dissolves most polymers.

Ethyl cellosolve dissolves urea-formaldehyde oligomers, carbinol resins, polyvinyl formaldehyde (vinylflex).